激酶抑制剂孟加拉普纳替尼/帕纳替尼(PONATINIB)能治疗哪些白血病?
印度代购提示,本品普纳替尼(Ponatinib)是一种激酶抑制剂。Ponatinib在体外抑制ABL和T315I突变体ABL酪氨酸激酶的活性有IC50浓度分别为0.4和2.0 nM。Ponatinib抑制另外的激酶在体外的活性有IC50浓度0.1和20 nM间,包括VEGFR,PDGFR,FGFR,EPH受体和激酶的SRC家族,和KIT,RET,TIE2,和FLT3的成员。Ponatinib在体外抑制表达天然或突变体BCR-ABL,包括T315I细胞的生存能力。
Ponatinib is a kinase inhibitor. Ponatinib inhibited the activity of ABL and T315I mutants ABL tyrosine kinases in vitro with IC50 concentrations of 0.4 nM and 2.0 nM, respectively. Ponatinib inhibits the activity of other kinases in vitro at IC50 concentrations between 0.1 and 20 nM, including VEGFR, PDGFR, FGFR, EPH receptor and kinase family members, and KIT, RET, TIE2, and FLT3. Ponatinib inhibits the expression of natural or mutant BCR-ABL in vitro, including the viability of T315I cells.
普纳替尼
印度代购提示,本品TKI的应用改变了慢粒白血病(CML)的治疗模式,但TKI耐药是CML患者治疗失败的原因和难题之一。bcr-abl激酶区突变是导致耐药的主要原因,目前已发现的突变类型较多,其中T315I占TKI耐药所有突变类型的4%~19%。虽然突变种类很多,但并非每种突变都会导致耐药。同一位点由不同的氨基酸替代(如F317C、F317L和F317V)产生的耐药性不同。不同突变患者预后不同,P环突变和T315I突变患者具有更差的无进展生存(PFS)期和总生存(OS)时间。
印度代购提示,本品有专家发现点突变的OS和PFS明显高于双突变或复合突变,突变点位于P-loop上的患者OS和PFS最低,其次为T315I及无突变。目前,针对T315I突变耐药逆转的策略主要包括:(1)普纳替尼为第三代TKI,对目前的abl激酶区突变均有作用,包括T315I、F317L、Y253H、F359V/C、E255K/V和V299L;其通过多位点同时作用,克服了单个突变位点的作用。
印度代购提示,本品目前研究发现,其对FLT3、FGFR、Src家族激酶、RET激酶以及Hedgehog通路均有作用,诱导了白血病细胞凋亡。PACEⅠ期及Ⅱ期试验发现,普纳替尼对经过多种治疗的CML患者,包括慢性期(CP)、急性期(AP)、急变期(BP)或Ph+急性淋巴细胞白血病患者有明显的抗白血病作用,超过90%的患者曾接受过至少两种TKI的治疗;(2)2015年2月英国Nature杂志发表论文证实阿昔替尼,一种当前被批准用于治疗晚期肾癌的TKI,可有效清除CML患者T315I突变的白血病细胞。
At present, it has been found that it has effects on FLT3, FGFR, Src family kinases, RET kinases and Hedgehog pathway, and induces apoptosis of leukemia cells. The PACE I and II trials found that pratinib had a significant anti-leukemia effect in CML patients who had received multiple treatments, including chronic (CP), acute (AP), acute (BP), or Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and more than 90% of patients had received at least two TKI treatments. (2) A paper published in Nature in February 2015 confirmed that acitinib, a TKI currently approved for the treatment of advanced renal cancer, can effectively clear T315I mutant leukemia cells in CML patients.